So in view of this I guess the original issue of biblical context as necessary for textual evaluation will just have to be discarded and forgotten due to the godless penchant to change the subject, feign incomprehension, take things out of context-misrepresent data, and otherwise buffoon the intended theme into godless oblivion.

Yes, Radrook, you are completely right. I fully see it now.Also pitiful is the invitations-to-discuss-matterr- logically ploy designed to draw one in in order to provide a background for the godless to propound their inanities. Now, please don't get me wrong, I do enjoy a logical on-subject discussion where facts are respectfully considered on both sides and both sides stay on theme. But these supposed invitations to umm-discuss are merely lures enthusiastically cast out in order to get a bight and begin reeling in the dunce who mistakens them for genuine. A case in point is the recent one where questions were respectfully asked and answered only to have the individual rip off the hypocritical mask and declare all my explanations drivel. No refutation mind you-just a bold-faced pre-planned deployment of scheming godless rudeness. Do I really have the time for this. Unfortunately, as much as I would enjoy humoring the hopefuls I don't. So in view of this I guess the original issue of biblical context as necessary for textual evaluation will just have to be discarded and forgotten due to the godless penchant to change the subject, feign incomprehension, take things out of context-misrepresent data, and otherwise buffoon the intended theme into godless oblivion. Well, have fun!
No, I don't know of any evidence (or claims) of later editing.
And actually, it falls right in line with certain strains of prophetic tradition.
Just look at the screeds from Jeremiah!
There is a long tradition in ancient Hebrew texts of the true prophet of God rebuking Israel, who has fallen away and is whoring after false doctrine.
It's likely that Matthew is placing himself -- and Jesus -- in this tradition, positing the Jesus cult as the true Israel, and warning of the fate that will befall those who fail to recognize the true messiah, the true prophet of God.
Yes, Radrook, you are completely right. I fully see it now.
You have demonstrated, by your actions, that the godless on this forum are truly wrong and bad people. By example, you have shown what it means to be good, humble, patient and kind. You have been a leader in civility and truth. Not once have you resorted to insults and derision to make arguments. Not once have you arrogantly assumed superiority of your position and knowledge. You have admirably and humbly allowed your arguments to speak for themselves, thereby demonstrating by example your superior knowledge, logic and intellect.
All of us, the godless, have been shamed by your behavior. We have failed to live up to your pure and true means of skeptical debate. I believe we all must bow and admit defeat, lest we be further shamed by perpetuating our intellectually dishonest and vindictive ways.
You win, Radrook. you have proven the truth of Christ by your example.
So what I don't understand is why would the author of Matthew, who would appear to be Jewish, not recognize the use of parallelism, and make an absurd picture with Jesus trying to straddle 2 animals?? What am I missing?
What really saddens me about scriptural illiteracy is that it leads to the conclusion that anything which the person doesn't know and therefore might find unfamiliar is a personal interpretation. It seems to me that there are mindless individuals who surf the net, see all the doubts expressed about the scriptures and assume that everything the Bible says is self contradictory. In short, they don't have to think, just accuse the person who is stating a basic universally agreed-upon biblical fact of personal interpretation and Voila! He's a respected skeptic. A true pity since skepticism is the diametrically opposed opposite of that type of simplistic,lethargic, uncritical mentality.
My new Oxford Annotated NRSV is due to arrive today or Monday... it will be interesting to see how that verse is rendered there.
I don't know of any translation (online I use Bible Gateway to compare versions, but I like your site better b/c it puts it all on one page) that actually has him sitting on both animals.
He either sits on the clothes or just sits "thereon".
Since the Hebrew Bible is shot thru and thru with parallelism, I'm sure Matthew recognized the trope. But Matthew is also very concerned with aligning Jesus with prophecy, so it's not surprising that he has Jesus call for an ass and a colt.
If I'm not mistaken, my childhood Bible had an illustration of Jesus riding on a donkey which was tethered to a colt by its side with a piece of rope.
And hey, would Jesus separate a colt from its mother? I think not!
Also, keep in mind that scriptural literalism was common among certain sects in the 1st century CE. If Matthew had not put Jesus on an ass with a colt, there could have been accusations that the prophecy was not fulfilled.
The International Standard Version says he sits upon "them" as does the World English Bible. And from what I've come across by various authors on various sites, the original Greek uses the word "them" (auton). I'm not fluent in reading/speaking/writing Greek so I have to take their word for it.
And again, as I am now just starting to become familiar with Jewish history, can you please be a little more specific about the different sects? Are you referring to the the Pharisees, the Sadducees, or the Essenes? Or am I getting timelines confused? We are talking about what would be considered the Second Temple Period, yes?
Or are you referring to just smaller rural groups set far away from the larger cities?
I know, that's what I was pointing out. Where's the disagreement between my argument and yours?I would say that there is a fundamental problem with both Radrook's approach and your approach to this issue.
The concept of Satan as an embodiment of evil (or of being evil at all) is not found throughout the Bible. The Satan of Job, for instance, is simply not recognizable in contemporary Christianity's post-monastic, post-Miltonian conception of the rebellious angel out to steal souls. The two have nothing to do with each other.
True, but I'm a little skeptical of the Satan of Matthew 4 playing the role of an evil entity. If it was Jesus's destiny to be tested, then it was God's idea to test him, and the fact that Satan showed up to do this would strongly imply that he was again acting on God's orders. Also, if you take that story to be a demonstration that Jesus had no inclination towards the temptations in the first place, then Satan's role was actually passive. Besides, if you look at the mentions of Satan in Luke and Acts, they could also be interpreted as consistent with the Satan of Job, i.e. you don't want to end up on the path that lands you on trial before God's divine prosecutor.However, the Satan of Matthew 4, Luke 13, and Acts 26 is more in line with that concept.
I know. Even if the serpent was Satan, he was still serving his role in God's creation. According to the Jewish interpretation IIRC, didn't Yahweh intend for Adam and Eve to eat the fruit? If so, Satan was acting as more of a messenger than a saboteur.And equating the serpent in the garden with Satan is an entirely modern notion.
Thank you. That's kind of what I was getting at myself, so I'm not sure where the disagreement is.In trying to find in the Christian Bible a single, unified idea of Satan, one which portrays him as inherently evil and in opposition to God and which casts him as the serpent of Genesis, modern readers of the Bible take the text on their terms, not on its own terms.
Yes, Radrook, you are completely right. I fully see it now.
You have demonstrated, by your actions, that the godless on this forum are truly wrong and bad people. By example, you have shown what it means to be good, humble, patient and kind. You have been a leader in civility and truth. Not once have you resorted to insults and derision to make arguments. Not once have you arrogantly assumed superiority of your position and knowledge. You have admirably and humbly allowed your arguments to speak for themselves, thereby demonstrating by example your superior knowledge, logic and intellect.
All of us, the godless, have been shamed by your behavior. We have failed to live up to your pure and true means of skeptical debate. I believe we all must bow and admit defeat, lest we be further shamed by perpetuating our intellectually dishonest and vindictive ways.
You win, Radrook. you have proven the truth of Christ by your example.

I know, that's what I was pointing out. Where's the disagreement between my argument and yours?
True, but I'm a little skeptical of the Satan of Matthew 4 playing the role of an evil entity. If it was Jesus's destiny to be tested, then it was God's idea to test him, and the fact that Satan showed up to do this would strongly imply that he was again acting on God's orders. Also, if you take that story to be a demonstration that Jesus had no inclination towards the temptations in the first place, then Satan's role was actually passive. Besides, if you look at the mentions of Satan in Luke and Acts, they could also be interpreted as consistent with the Satan of Job, i.e. you don't want to end up on the path that lands you on trial before God's divine prosecutor.
Though I confess I'm not entirely sure the name "Satan" wasn't being used in some cases to be synonomous with "adversary" or "accuser." Remember when Jesus told Peter, "Get behind me, Satan!" I'm pretty sure he wasn't implying that the biblical Satan had possessed Peter.![]()
I know. Even if the serpent was Satan, he was still serving his role in God's creation. According to the Jewish interpretation IIRC, didn't Yahweh intend for Adam and Eve to eat the fruit? If so, Satan was acting as more of a messenger than a saboteur.
The Saducees, IIRC, were a priestly group associated with the Temple, and they were in control of the Sanhedrin at the time. I believe Paul started out a Pharisee, but changed his association.
The Pharisees were a rabbinical group, but they tended to be strict about the scripture, and you'll see the Pharisees continually trying to put gotcha questions to Jesus in an attempt to trip him up. As in Matthew 22 when a Pharisee asks Jesus which is the greatest commandment. And in Mark's rendering of the tax question (12:13-17) it's a Pharisee who asks it.
The Essenes were rather strict themselves, although they had some pretty wild writings of their own. For instance, they were one of the groups that had very specific laws about how far from your door you could go to bring back an animal on the Sabbath. It's this kind of strict legalism that Jesus is rebuking when he says that if your ox is in a ditch on the Sabbath, you go get it out (although he was not actually addressing that question when he said it).
So the gospel writers, to varying degrees, had to align Jesus with the prophets, laws, and writings he could be aligned with, while also dismissing the views of competing groups which were at odds with the practices of the Jesus cult.
Your answers have sent me scurrying through books and webpages, trying to dig up more information. Thank you. I've been home with a sinus infection and this has helped educate me and pass the time.
Quick matter of clarification in regards to the ox and the ditch: Are you actually meaning to refer to the Pharisees there as Luke 14:1-6 states?
strawman
I don't claim to be any type of biblical scholar. I also realize the more I study the Bible, the more I realize I know little about how it came to be. This thread is helping me to gain more knowledge on a subject that has played a crucial part in human history. I am "exposing" my personal interpretations to the group in the hopes I will be corrected with substantial facts or at the very least, different viewpoints that cause me to gather more information to reinforce my interpretation.
Sadly Radrook, you have not helped my quest for knowledge. I do actually thank you as your somewhat vitriolic responses had made me more determined to learn as much on the subject matter as possible. You have actually helped me to question the Bible more. I do appreciate that.![]()
BTW -"basic universally agreed-upon biblical fact "....I'm skeptical of that statment. It sounds...what are the words....oh, yes.....it sounds "simplistic,lethargic," and shows an "uncritical mentality". You took the words right out of my mouth. Good day to you sir.