A lot of the still-current round of "FEMA concentration camp" lore does in fact begin in 1984. (How appropriate.)
There actually was a military "readiness exercise" that year, which included a component of simulated civil unrest. But it was all a drill, not the beginning of any real internment drive. According to Chip Berlet, a lefty researcher of the right, the truth of the matter was exaggerated by a far-right, anti-Jewish, conspiracist newspaper called
The Spotlight.
"The April 23, 1984
Spotlight article ran with a banner headline "Reagan Orders Concentration Camps." The article, true to form, took a problematic swipe at the Anti-Defamation League of B'nai B'rith along with reporting the facts of the story. The Harrer article was based primarily on two unnamed government sources, and follow-up confirmations. Mainstream reporters pursued the allegations through interviews and Freedom of Information Act requests, and ultimately the Harrer
Spotlight article proved to be a substantially accurate account of the readiness exercise, although
Spotlight did underplay the fact that this was a scenario and drill, not an actual order to round up dissidents."
http://www.publiceye.org/rightwoo/rwooz9-14.html
And by the way, if any of you who know about these kinds of exercises from that era, I have a question. Were they just simulations on computer screens and phonecalls and such? Or were there any "real" activities like running around or moving real equipment? (If the former, that gives the conspiracists even less to crow about.) I picture more tabletop RPG than LARP here.
In a 1990 issue of the
Covert Action Information Bulletin, Diana Reynolds writes more details about the facts, the exaggeration, and the historical background of REX-84. (And since it comes from a Left source, I expect a lot of you won't like this article. It does give some of the background of Federal government preparation for mass arrests and detention of political opponents. But the article also makes it clear that REX-84 was not the implementation of any actual internment.)
http://www.publiceye.org/liberty/fema/Fema_0.html
More recently, the concentration camp meme got more traction, but only because people have (willfully?) misunderstood the report. In early 2006, we learned that Kellogg Brown and Root had received a contingency contract for the construction of new ICE detention facilities should the government want them. Note that this was a
contingency contract.
http://www.marketwatch.com/News/Sto...siteid=mktw&dateid=38741.5136277662-858254656
But, of course lots of folks concluded that this meant they were already being built. That's not to say this isn't a problem, and that there is no threat to citizens who "look like illegal immigrants" or to political dissidents in the U.S. But in this particular case, a lot of people who should know better are jumping to unwarranted conclusions.