Hello all,
(Let me try again, if we can be some really productive.)
Can you contribute to questions posted at folowing link;-
http://www.sciforums.com/showthread.php?t=46884
In addition, I have more questions for you:-
..4. How can C-peptide & Insulin tests tell the whole story about diabetes & insulin resistance during (a) No treatment but with diabetes T2 or IR (b) Treatment by oral diabetic medicines & injected insulin?
5. What does it indicate?
6. What does it also indicate?
Rest you know & take care as usual.
Best wishes.
(Let me try again, if we can be some really productive.)
Can you contribute to questions posted at folowing link;-
http://www.sciforums.com/showthread.php?t=46884
In addition, I have more questions for you:-
..4. How can C-peptide & Insulin tests tell the whole story about diabetes & insulin resistance during (a) No treatment but with diabetes T2 or IR (b) Treatment by oral diabetic medicines & injected insulin?
5. What does it indicate?
MannKind has presented new data on its inhaled insulin product that suggest it may not only make dosing the drug more convenient, but also improve efficacy compared to insulin injections
MannKind inhaled insulin 'mimics natural release'
6. What does it also indicate?
Over the years pharmaceutical laboratories have developed increasingly reliable and stable insulin preparations but have not succeeded in producing a satisfactory formulation in which insulin acts rapidly enough to match the increase in blood sugar levels during a meal. The basis of slow release into the blood is simple. Insulin is generally injected as the hexameric cluster of molecules, the stable form of the protein when it is stored in the body. Unfortunately this cluster is too big to move quickly through tissues and it takes time for the clusters to dissolve and free the individual molecules which are small enough to get through tissues quickly. Thus while the hexameric cluster which has evolved to be stable in the insulin producing cells is useful for producing well behaved clinical preparations, it cannot produce a rapid insulin action when injected into a muscle.
An obvious solution to this dilemma would be to inject single insulin molecules, but there is no easy way to prepare them by the established chemical and pharmacological methods - single molecules are unstable and rapidly form hexamers.
http://www.nimr.mrc.ac.uk/MillHillEssays/1998/diabetes.htm
Rest you know & take care as usual.
Best wishes.