One of the most commonly used measures of metacognition has been the "Feeling of Knowing" (FOK) judgement; after failing to answer a test item, individuals are asked to judge how well they think they would do in a multiple choice recognition test in which one of the alternatives was the correct answer. "Ease of Learning" (EOL) judgements (also called confidence judgements or self-estimates) are another measure of metacognition; individuals predict, given a test's requirements, how well they think they will perform on it. Similarly, "Judgements of Learning" (JOL) have individuals predict how well they did on a test just completed. Predicted and actual performance are compared on each of these measures, of which the absence of a discrepancy is assumed to indicate access to knowledge about one's self and cognitive abilities. Studies to date find little or no relationship between these measures however, and results are not reliably similar across testing periods or content areas (11).
